Projecte: dictionary.xml

Aquest és el mètode general per exportar la informació que hi ha en una base de dades a un fitxer xml, i la informació d'aquest passar-la al Android.

En l'exemple treballarem amb la base de dades del Langtrainer (MySQL), on agafarem la informació que ens interessa: una relació de les paraules angleses i les seves traduccions. S'ha de destacar que la relació és 1:M, com es pot veure en el fitxer XML: una paraula pot tenir diversos significats o apreciacions.

El mètode és general perquè em pot servir per importar al Android una llista de contactes , de telèfons, d'avisos, alarmes, ToDo, que es poden obtenir de les més diverses aplicacions (que utilitzin bases de dades).

Script php. Generar el fitxer XML

<?php
$dbName = "langtrainer";
$connection = mysql_connect("localhost", "root", "****") or die("Could not connect.");
$db = mysql_select_db($dbName);
$query = "SELECT W.ID_WORD,WORD,TRANSLATION FROM WORD W,TRANSLATION T WHERE W.id_word=T.id_word ORDER BY WORD";
//$query="SELECT * FROM WORD";
$result = mysql_query($query, $connection) or die("Could not complete database query");
$num = mysql_num_rows($result);
if ($num != 0) {
   $file= fopen("dictionary.xml", "w");
   $_xml ="<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?>\r\n";
   $_xml .="<dictionary>\r\n";
   while ($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {
      if ($row["ID_WORD"]) {
         if ($id_word!=$row["ID_WORD"]){
            if ($id_word>0) $_xml .="\t</entry>\r\n";
            $_xml .="\t<entry word=\"" . $row["WORD"] . "\">\r\n";
            $_xml .="\t\t<translation>" . $row["TRANSLATION"] . "</translation>\r\n";
            $id_word=$row["ID_WORD"];
         }
         else
         {
            $_xml .="\t\t<translation>" . $row["TRANSLATION"] . "</translation>\r\n";
         }
      } else {
         $_xml .="\t<entry word=\"Nothing Returned\">\r\n";
         $_xml .="\t\t<translation>-</translation>\r\n";
         $_xml .="\t</entry>\r\n";
      }
   }
  $_xml .="\t</entry>\r\n";
   $_xml .="</dictionary>";
   fwrite($file, $_xml);
   fclose($file);
   echo "dictionary.xml was generated";
} else {
   echo "no records";
}
?>

Es genera el fitxer dictionary.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<dictionary>
	<entry word="deserve (to)">
		<translation>merèixer, ser digne de</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="dismiss (to)">
		<translation>acomiadar, destituir. Refusar</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="draw (to)">
		<translation>dibuixar</translation>
		<translation>Estirar (pull), treure, atraure</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="draw breath (to)">
		<translation>agafar aire</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="gills">
		<translation>branquies, agalles</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="hump">
		<translation>pujol, puig</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="lump">
		<translation>terròs, tros</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="shame">
		<translation>vergonya, llàstima</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="snout">
		<translation>morro, hocico</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="spit">
		<translation>escupinada, saliva</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="weird">
		<translation>rar, extrany</translation>
	</entry>
	<entry word="wound">
		<translation>ferir (pp, ferit)</translation>
		<translation>ferida</translation>
	</entry>
</dictionary>

Com es pot veure, el verb to draw té dos significats

Aplicació Diccionari

Partim del projecte ParsingXML vist anteriorment, i l'adaptem al nostre fitxer XML. Tot i que conceptualment és el mateix, he hagut de canviar coses. En el projecte ParsingXML només es llegia la última entrada XML, i ara s'han de llegir totes. A més, tota la informació de parsejar el fitxer XML s'ha d'acumular en una variable, i finalment volcar-la en el TextView.

Fitxer Diccionari.java:

package com.android.diccionari;

import java.net.URL;

import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class Diccionari extends Activity {
     
     private final String MY_DEBUG_TAG = "Diccionari";

     /** Called when the activity is first created. */
     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle icicle) {
          super.onCreate(icicle);

          /* Create a new TextView to display the parsingresult later. */
          TextView tv = new TextView(this);
          try {
               /* Create a URL we want to load some xml-data from. */
               //URL url = new URL("http://www.anddev.org/images/tut/basic/parsingxml/example.xml");
               URL url = new URL("http://wikijoan.dyndns.org/admin/dictionary.xml");
               
               /* Get a SAXParser from the SAXPArserFactory. */
               SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
               SAXParser sp = spf.newSAXParser();

               /* Get the XMLReader of the SAXParser we created. */
               XMLReader xr = sp.getXMLReader();
               /* Create a new ContentHandler and apply it to the XML-Reader*/
             DiccionariHandler myDiccionariHandler = new DiccionariHandler();
             xr.setContentHandler(myDiccionariHandler);
               
               /* Parse the xml-data from our URL. */
             xr.parse(new InputSource(url.openStream()));
               /* Parsing has finished. */

               /* Our ExampleHandler now provides the parsed data to us. */
             ParsedDiccionariDataSet parsedDiccionariDataSet =
                                             myDiccionariHandler.getParsedData();

               /* Set the result to be displayed in our GUI. */

             tv.setText(parsedDiccionariDataSet.toString());

          } catch (Exception e) {
               /* Display any Error to the GUI. */
               tv.setText("Error: " + e.getMessage());
               Log.e(MY_DEBUG_TAG, "DiccionariError", e);
          }
          /* Display the TextView. */
          this.setContentView(tv);
     }
}

Fitxer DiccionariHandler.java:

package com.android.diccionari;

import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;


public class DiccionariHandler extends DefaultHandler{

     // ===========================================================
     // Fields
     // ===========================================================
     
     private boolean in_dictionary = false;
     private boolean in_entry = false;
     private boolean in_translation = false;
     
     private ParsedDiccionariDataSet myParsedDiccionariDataSet = new ParsedDiccionariDataSet();

     // ===========================================================
     // Getter & Setter
     // ===========================================================

     public ParsedDiccionariDataSet getParsedData() {
          return this.myParsedDiccionariDataSet;
     }

     // ===========================================================
     // Methods
     // ===========================================================
     @Override
     public void startDocument() throws SAXException {
          this.myParsedDiccionariDataSet = new ParsedDiccionariDataSet();
     }

     @Override
     public void endDocument() throws SAXException {
          // Nothing to do
     }

     /** Gets be called on opening tags like:
      * <tag>
      * Can provide attribute(s), when xml was like:
      * <tag attribute="attributeValue">*/
     @Override
     public void startElement(String namespaceURI, String localName,
               String qName, Attributes atts) throws SAXException {
          if (localName.equals("dictionary")) {
               this.in_dictionary = true;
          }else if (localName.equals("entry")) {
               this.in_entry = true;
               // Extract an Attribute
               String attrValue = atts.getValue("word");
               myParsedDiccionariDataSet.setExtractedWord(attrValue);
          }else if (localName.equals("translation")) {
               this.in_translation = true;
          }
     }
     
     /** Gets be called on closing tags like:
      * </tag> */
     @Override
     public void endElement(String namespaceURI, String localName, String qName)
               throws SAXException {
          if (localName.equals("dictionary")) {
               this.in_dictionary = false;
          }else if (localName.equals("entry")) {
               this.in_entry = false;
          }else if (localName.equals("translation")) {
               this.in_translation = false;
          }
     }
     
     /** Gets be called on the following structure:
      * <tag>characters</tag> */
     @Override
    public void characters(char ch[], int start, int length) {
        if(this.in_translation){
          myParsedDiccionariDataSet.setExtractedTranslation(new String(ch, start, length));
     }
     }
}

Fitxer ParsedDictionaryDataSet.java:

package com.android.diccionari;

public class ParsedDiccionariDataSet {
    private String extractedWord=null;
    private String extractedTranslation=null;
    private String extractedAll = "Vocabulari\n==========";
  
    
    public String getExtractedWord() {
        return extractedWord;
   }
   public void setExtractedWord(String extractedWord) {
        this.extractedWord = extractedWord;
        extractedAll = extractedAll + "\n"+extractedWord+": ";
   }
   
   public String getExtractedTranslation() {
        return extractedTranslation;
   }
   public void setExtractedTranslation(String extractedTranslation) {
        this.extractedTranslation = extractedTranslation;
        extractedAll = extractedAll + extractedTranslation + ". ";
   }
   
    public String toString(){
        return extractedAll;
    }

}

Fitxer AndroidManifest.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.android.diccionari"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".Diccionari"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
</manifest> 

---

creat per Joan Quintana Compte, febrer 2009